That was when Churches were actually viewed as "embassies" of the Vatican.
So, they could offer sanctuary the same way a modern embassy can.
If a church can offer sanctuary ... then what happens to all the pedophile priests? Oh, right. Nothing. Because they have automatic sanctuary.
Although ... I imagine Trump's reaction to such churches may be to revoke their status as a charity, with the IRS.
And there are lots of people who think churches should pay taxes.
So that would work out.