Reality-Based Thinking (RBT) is centered on what philosophers call epistemic rationalityEpistemic rationality is what philosophers and cognitive scientists call thinking that deliberately seeks to jibe with reality. Because this term is uncommon and somewhat intimidating to people who don't know what epistemic means, Jack Pelham decided to re-brand epistemic rationality as Reality-Based Thinking, the idea being that people would get the general idea quickly, without the need for as much explanation. It employs a good-sense approach that works hard to get things right, so as to avoid the common pitfalls in thinking. Fortunately for us all, it’s not particularly complicated. Also, it’s not necessary to have a high IQ to be good at RBT.
http://realitybasedthinking.org/what-is-reality-based-thinking-rbt/