Law scheduled to go into effect in spring 2025.
I don't know. I do know that one cannot get onto a military base without one.
For Citizens of Mexico
Overview
A Form DSP-150 is both a Border Crossing Card and a B1/B2 visitor visa, but a DSP-150 is generally called a Border Crossing Card ("BCC"). ... It is valid for travel until the expiration date on the front of the card, usually ten years after issuance.
Border Crossing Card Validity
Qualifying for a Border Crossing Card